A brief biography of Gough Whitlam

Mr Gough Whitlam was born in 1916 and dead in 2014. He was a former Prime Minister of Australia. He was famous because of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, also known as the Dismissal. This was a quite unique moment in Australia political history. As for the only one time in history, the Governor-General, usually been considered as a mascot, used his power to dismiss the Prime Minister.  At that time, Whitlam won the election in 1972 without the majority of Senate. Consequently, in 1975 the opposition used its control of the Senate to defer one of Whitlam’s policy and asked for an election.  Both sides didn’t give in. Negotiation seemed to have reached an impasse. Then the Governor-General Kerr dismissed Whitlam as the Prime Minister and finished this crisis. But Kerr was widely criticised for that in his rest life.

Mr Gough Whitlam was born in Melbourne in a public servant family. In 1918 his family relocated to Sydney as his father’s work changed. Whitlam took his primary education in 3 different schools in Sydney. When he was 11 years old his father was promoted to  Assistant Crown Solicitor. His new working location was in Canberra. So all his family moved to Canberra. Whitlam took his secondary education in Canberra. Firstly at Telopea Park School and then transferred to Canberra Grammar School. Whitlam enrolled at the University of Sydney at his age of 18. After got his Bachelor of Arts degree, he continued to study law. But his study was interrupted by war.

World War II outbreak in 1939 then Whitlam joined the army. In 1942 he entered Royal Australia Air Force (RAAF) and trained as a navigator. In 1945 he left RAAF and went back to school to finish his study. In 1951 Whitlam won the preselection as an Australia Labour Party (ALP) candidate. Next year he became a member of the House of Representatives and began his political career. On his maiden speech, he responded to an interrupter that ‘The time will come when you may interrupt me.’ This cool response raised the notice to this newcomer. In 1956 Whitlam was appointed to the Parliamentary Joint Committee on Constitutional Review. This influenced his political development very much. At this period he learned that the Constitution could be used as a benefit for his party. In 1967 Whitlam was elected ALP leader. He reformed the ALP to get more support from middle class. He won the election in 1972, then in 1975 the Dismissal happened. He resigned 3 years later.

Whitlam died in 2014 at age of 98. He has greater longevity than any other prime minister of Australia.

方方 封城日记

读了方方的60篇封城日记。

有呼吁，支持，也有可理解可接受，如

1.26 新闻发布会上湖北官员频频出错

1.28 周市长陪同总理时见总理没戴帽就主动摘帽

有反对批评，如

1.28 百步亭四万人聚餐，21日省里还举办大型联欢会

1.30 来武汉专家组轻率告诉大家“人不传人”“可防可控”

感觉方方对一些之前网上有争议的事如周市长摘帽、方舱模式、捐献蔬菜进超市、中医药治疗、健康码等还都持支持或能接受的态度。对于她的日记被删也都只是表示无奈，很通达路态度。

记录时代的声音

2020年2月18日

记录时代的声音

反派影评 2020年2月8日 前5分钟

卡拉马佐夫兄弟

以前读苏俄作家的作品很少，一直觉得他们写的东西太沉重了。但陀思妥耶夫斯基的一些书豆瓣评分实在太高了，像这本，竟达到9.7。让人有些好奇。

刚看到第二章，大段大段的对白，两人间的单次对话能写30页，非常drama。要是不沉静下来还真不容易读进去啊。好久没看过这样风格的小说了。

今生今世

好早前买了实体书，还没看就借予友人，现在拿起电子版接着看。

胡兰成的文字是很惊艳的，半文半白，夹叙夹议。文辞很生动。另外他写幼年之事也那么清晰如画，如王朔《看上去很美》一样，不知是后天加工还是文人都天赋异禀。

未来简史

笔记

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人类简史

每天12小时的夜班，无人打扰，可以专心干自己的事情。本来计划是读书、看片、游戏三者交替的。但最先离开的是游戏，一是游戏需要长时间沉浸感，上班时间玩还是怪怪的，二是也没什么太吸引的游戏，还是有些嫌低龄。然后离开的是看片，一是小屏幕看片不太吸引人，二是看片更像是一种休息，而我的上班时间是我一天最精力充沛的时段，拿来看片很不协调。所以，现在已经变成了12小时的看书时间，几乎每天能读一本书。

我喜欢交替看文学书和知识性书，看知识性书时在blog上边看边记重点，不亦说乎。

回到这本书，我们读历史，很多时候并不是为了了解历史上发生了什么（而这正是学校历史课的唯一内容），而是为了学习一种历史观。毕竟历史上发生了什么很多已经模糊不清，甚至在当时都从未清楚过。而各位历史学家观察历史的角度和对历史的解读每每让我们获益匪浅。

比如钱穆、唐德刚就让我了解到对中国封建王朝的历史，可以有与学校历史课完全不同的解读。乃至我们看左传、史记这样的史书，关注点也常常在作者的价值判断。

这本书可是相当解构的。以前人所没有的视角分析人类历史的流变。颠覆了很多以前的成见。可以说是用一种很高很高的哲学视角来看历史，看到的风景非常不同。

笔记：

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浮生六记

重读一遍，之前只有首篇闺房记乐读的比较仔细。这次把后面三篇闲情记趣，坎坷记愁，浪游记快也或粗或细的读了一下。

最打动人的还是闺房记乐和坎坷记愁这两篇。真是情深不寿啊。

以阿德勒的眼光来看，两个人追求的那些自由快乐甜腻的生活会被周围的人所讨厌，在那个时代进而会发展为迫害。父母拆散，兄弟陷害，邻人无赖滋扰，工作也不顺利。唯一理解支持的一些好友也提供不了太多实际帮助。

另外这两人也真是活在当下，没什么稳定收入依然访妓和谋求纳妾，关注的是游玩和生活趣味，对子女着墨甚少，几乎不萦于怀。病困投友时仓促把子女打发了事。这在200年后的人看来真是不可思议。

百年孤独

以前从没读过加西亚.马尔克斯。这本书讲家族的历史，大部分写实小部分魔幻，感觉很像矛盾文学奖的那些大部头，白鹿原、平凡的世界、额尔古纳河右岸。说实话我对这种文学不太感兴趣。但不管怎么说，论地位马尔克斯也是个不该错过的作家。

不过这故事里子承父姓，祖父姓也太多了点吧。作者是怎么想的？看到书末有个家谱，不想剧透没看，不过这书确实值得一份家谱。

“尽管孩子并不活泼，又爱哭闹，毫无布恩地亚家族的特征，他还是没多费脑子，一下子就给他起了名字。“就叫霍塞·阿卡迪奥吧。”他说。” –嗯，马尔克斯你可真行。

“于是乌苏拉决定今后谁也不准再叫奥雷良诺和霍塞·阿卡迪奥这两个名字。” –干得好，真是大块人心。

读完第十章后弃了，实在不是我喜欢的作品。